Gothic Art
Hi Everyone,
Sorry about the confusion. I arranged for a substitute because I am in Miami for exhibition, but substitute did not show. I really apologize. Go ahead and look in your book and research Gothic Art. Choose one work and write a short reflection with links.
Next week is final exam. In will be an in class essay. It is open book again just like the midterm.
Again, I am really sorry.
Sorry about the confusion. I arranged for a substitute because I am in Miami for exhibition, but substitute did not show. I really apologize. Go ahead and look in your book and research Gothic Art. Choose one work and write a short reflection with links.
Next week is final exam. In will be an in class essay. It is open book again just like the midterm.
Again, I am really sorry.
posted by Rachel Hoffman at
9:59 PM
19 Comments:
I chose to research the cathedral of Reims. It was built between 1211-1311. It is the traditional coronation site of the kings of France and one of the greatest monuments of Gothic art and architecture. The cathedral has rib vaults, three-story elevation, and pier structure. The architect in charge was Jean d'Orbais and was completed under Robert de Coucy. Reims Cathedral is a work of unity and harmony. The west front has three portals surrounded by sculptured arches, a rose window with 13th-century stained glass, and two matching towers. The cathedral was badly damaged during World War I, but has been restored and stabilized.
http://www.cop.ufl.edu/safezone/pat/symp99/cathedral.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reims
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reims_Cathedral
My choice of interest is probably the most well known piece of gothic architecture: The cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. We all know the famous story of the hunchback, but I thought it was very interesting to hear about the real story and how it came about rather than just seeing the Disney film. What happened was during the early 19th century, the cathedral was in a state of disrepair, and city planners began to contemplate tearing it down. Victor Hugo, the French novelist, wrote this famous novel in part to raise awareness of the cathedral's heritage, which then sparked renewed interest in the cathedral's fate. A campaign to collect funds to save the cathedral followed, culminating in the 1845 restorations.
Meryl Stewart
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_Paris
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Hunchback_of_Notre_Dame
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Gothic sculpture has come to relflect the desire to give greater emotional appeal to traditional themes of Christian art. The Roettgen Pieta has accomplished this through the detail of emotion in the faces and through the limp and lifeless body language of the icons. The word Pieta itself derives from Latin roots meaning pity. This widespread representation is meant to express unbearable pain and grief; the wounds are exxaggerated and the limbs are so thin and rigid. The purpose is to invoke feelings of pity and horror that will lead followers to compassion, literally meaning "to suffer with" and accompany Christ and the Mother of God in this time of anguish.
http://www.passionist.org/prc/gallery/wing_e/gallery_35/g-137.htm
The most impressive piece of art in the Gothic chapter was the Giotto's frescos in the Arena Chapel from 1305. He used egg tempera on gold ground to illustrate the life of the Virgin. He depicts several dozen scene from Christ entering Jerusalem to The Lamentation. Giotto mastered the relationship between the viewer and the space, positioning most of the scnes in the bottom of the composition so the viewer can feel part of the scene as opossoed to a distant observer. Personally, the richness of these frescos completly amazed me. I have included a link to virtual tour of the frescos.
http://www.giottoagliscrovegni.it/eng/visita/pano/pan_01.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arena_Chapel
I chose to do my research on Basilica of Saint Denis. This was considered the first Gothic building. It was the berial site for all but 3 of the monarch from the 10th century to 1789. Construction was started in 1136 and was finished in 1140 and was consecrated on July 11, 1144. It was built as a monument to Saint Denis who was the first Bishop of Paris.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/SaintDenisInterior.jpg
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Denis_Basilica
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_art
I did my research on one of the most well-known architectures in gothic art: The Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris. Notre Dame de Paris was one of the first Gothic cathedrals, its construction spanned the Gothic period. Its sculptures and stained glass show the heavy influence of naturalism, giving them a more secular look that was lacking from earlier Romanesque architecture. Notre Dame de Paris was among the first buildings in the world to use the flying buttress. The building was not originally designed to include the flying buttresses around the choir and nave. After the construction began and the thinner walls (popularized in the Gothic style) grew ever higher, stress fractures began to occur as the walls pushed outward. So, naturally, the cathedral's architects built supports around the outside walls and later additions continued as such. At the end of the 18th century, during the French Revolution, many of the treasures of the cathedral were either destroyed or plundered. The statues of biblical kings of Judea (erroneously thought to be kings of France) were beheaded. Many of the heads were found during a 1977 excavation nearby and are on display at the Musée de Cluny. Only the great bells avoided being melted down, and the cathedral was dedicated first to the Cult of Reason, and to the Cult of the Supreme Being. The church interior was used as a warehouse for the storage of forage and food. Notre Dame de Paris is widely considered one of the finest examples of French Gothic architecture.
-Josué A. Franco
http://www.paris.org/Monuments/NDame/
http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Notre_Dame_Cathedral.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame_de_Paris
I chose to do my research on the Coronation of the Virgin. It is mind blowing how this piece has transcended through the ages of art work. It all started in the gothic age when a tympantum was created on the North portal of the Chartres Cathedral. The scene is to depict when Mary is deamed the queen of heaven wheter the crown is given by a dove, the holy father, or perhaps even Jesus. In the tympantum it appears to be the Holy Father that is giving the Virgin Mary her title. The reason that so many are listed as to giving this honor to a mortal is because of how much history is behind this artwork in time ages. Throughout time, the picture has captivated many creative minds to make it so that not only is the Holy Father bestowingthe crown but other beings as well to show the pure awe others held for the Christian religion or perhaps even making fun of the religion, it depends on the artist. Although it is easy to say that this original piece has sparked the inspirations of many.
~pg 348 in the book
~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronation_of_the_Virgin
i choose the Scrovegni Chapel also known as the Arena Chapel in Padua, Italy. i found the frescoes in this chapel breathtaking. the colors absolutely amazing.
Enrico Scrovegni purchased the land, including the remains of the roman arena on February 6, 1300. there's really nothing that is known about the construction and decoration for this building. then on March 1, 1304 the Pope Benedict XI grants an indulgence to all the to the faithful that went and visited the Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Charity at the Arena. it is assumed that by this date the chapel was being used as a place of worship, meaning that at least the walls and the roof must have been completed. on March 25, 1305 the chapel was consecrated, and it is believed that all the work was completed no later that 1306.
http://employees.oneonta.edu/farberas/arth/Arth213/arenachapel.html
http://www.giottoagliscrovegni.it/eng/monum/storia.htm
http://www.giottoagliscrovegni.it/eng/monum/storia_dipinti.htm
http://www.giottoagliscrovegni.it/eng/monum/tempo_giotto.htm
Villard de Honnecourt’s profession is unknown. He has a collaboration of drawings that generate debate about his credentials. Some believe him to be a mason, an architect, a philosopher, and some believe his illustrations are borrowed from earlier 13th century concepts. His 33 existing leafs of portfolio are studied by scholars. His illustrations display design through geometric shape and measurement with geometry.
The key to medieval design of real and micro-architecture was quadrature or rotation-of-squares. And yet, nowhere in the portfolio is there any proof that Villard understood this method of design. The celebrated "face in the square" is not rotation of squares. As Paul Frankl noted long ago, it is a scheme of bisecting diagonals used to transfer designs from one scale to another, as from a cartoon on parchment to stained glass or fresco. There is but one instance in which Villard drew a square-within-a-square which could lead one to believe he understood quadrature. In a sketch of two wrestlers, one square defines the shoulders (top), backs (sides) and knees (bottom) of the figures, and a rotated square within that square appears to define the beltlines of the figures. However, the two squares were added after the figures were drawn, and could not have generated the design.
http://www.villardman.net/problem.html#problem
pg. 362 in the textbook for examples of illustrations.
The Salisbury Cathedral was one in twenty cathedrals built after the Battle of Hastings.William after winning the battle, went around builing forts. One of his forts was called Old Sarum Castle, later called Old Salisbury. Old Salisbury was not a very good fort and he had a bishop to please, so he donated the building to the church. The church then took the building stone by stone to its new site maybe a few hundred feet away and built the Salisbury Cathedral. William the Conqueror during his final days ordered all of his money to go to the poor and the church.
Kristin Featherman
http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/78172/old_sarum_castle_william_the_conqueror.html
The Palazzo Vecchio is the town hall of Florence and was originally called Palazzo della Signoria after the Signoria (or government) of Florence. It was called a number of other names as well according to its different uses throughout the years. The palace contains the offices of the city councel but it can still be visited since it is also a museum. There are certain sections that aren't open to the public since it is a working government building. It was built in between the 13th and 14th century with additions in the 15th and 16th centuries.
There are a number of statues outside including a copy of Michelangelo's David that replaced the original in 1873. Nearby to the statue of David is the fountain of Neptune, the sea god.
http://www.travelogues.net/Florence/index_js.htm?page=photos_palazzo_vecchio.htm
Gothic sculpture show a different mood than that of romanesque, the style portrays a sense of redemption rather than conquest.horrible scenes of judgement day that threaten the worshipper into following their beliefs for fear of rotting in damnnation overwhelm the viewer upon entering gothic style cathedrals.
http://www.athenapub.com/14gothic-sculpture.htm
wendy
gothic sculpture shows a different mood than that of Romanesque, portraying redemption rather than conquest. horrifying scenes of judgement day that threaten the warshipper into following their beliefs, for fear of burning in eternal damnnation, overwhelms the viewer upon entering.
http://www.athenapub.com/14gothic-sculpture.htm
wendy
I researched Gothic art and found a piece that stood out to me called "St. Francis of Assisi with Scenes from His Life". It was painted by an Italian painter named Boneventura Berlinghieri in 1235. It makes worshiping seem so dark and dreary. It's wierd to see the ways that people portrayed religion in those days compared to worshiping in modern times. They made death seem to be a harsh judgement cast upon your soul, seemingly making followers scared into the beliefs, and it shows in the art and architecture.
Christine Eubank
http://artfiles.art.com/images/-/Bonaventura-Berlinghieri/St-Francis-of-Assisi-with-Scenes-from-His-Life-1235-Giclee-Print-C12060183.jpeg
i chose to do Grant Wood from (1892-1942), he was an American artist,and a member of the American Regionalist School, they were a group of artists who painted scenes of the American Midwest. This artistic movement was formed to permit painters to move away from the style which prevailed at the time.Wood began his career at the Handicraft Guild of Minneapolis where he studied wood and metal works. He opened and worked in a handicraft shop in Iowa upon completion of his studies, but an unflagging interest in painting took him to the Art Institute of Chicago and to The Acad,mie Julian in Paris where he studied...
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://imagecache2.allposters.com/images/pic/HAD/4241~American-Gothic-Posters.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.allposters.com/-sp/American-Gothic-Posters_i374861_.htm&h=450&w=368&sz=43&hl=en&start=8&um=1&tbnid=NtHuluejH9ohPM:&tbnh=127&tbnw=104&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dgrant%2Bwood%2Bgothic%2Bart%26svnum%3D10%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DG
i chose to research the Notre-Dame Cathedral. It took two decades to finish this building. The building began construction under the orders of Maurice de Sully in 1163 and was completed in the 14th century. Church services is still held there to this day. Beneath the cathedral square is one of the most important archeological crypts in Europe, housing a trove of vestiges, and artifacts from buildings built between the third centuries. The building is still usable and is in Paries, France
Tina Craft
http://www.uscollegesearch.org/university-of-notre-dame.html
http://www2.art.utah.edu/cathedral/paris.html
Many Gothic style cathedrals were built during the Medieval Period. Some of its features include pointed arches, ribbed vaults, flying buttresses and stained glass. These cathedrals are very complicated in their features. Their decoration is so elaborate in detail that the work that has been poured into them is amazing. The style of architecture that was used for these cathedrals was originated in France. The name Gothic for this period also called “French Style” didn’t come into use until the beginning of the Renaissance. The cathedrals in France were constructed of limestone since it was readily available in France.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_
architecture
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Gargoyles have been around since the time of the ancient greeks. They were chiefly used as drainage devices. They did not really come into their ownas wards against evil spirits until the middle ages when they adorned the roofs and capitals of the huge stone cathedrals. Gargoyles can be found on many buildings and arcitecur from churches to modern day sky scrapers. It seems that they are still used for wards against evil yet not for drainage their origanal function. For hundreds of years these visages of chimera and other monsters have gaurded many buildings throughout many places in the world.
http://www.stratis.demon.co.uk/gargoyles/gg-ety-hist-myth.htm#gargoyle_architectural_history
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gargoyle#19th_and_20th_centuries
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